What soil conditions increase the likelihood of pesticide leaching?

The option that highlights sandy soil, low in organic matter, where groundwater is shallow, identifies conditions that significantly increase the likelihood of pesticide leaching. Sandy soils have larger particles and are characterized by their ability to drain water quickly. When pesticides are applied to these types of soils, they can easily move through the larger pore spaces and into the groundwater if the soil is not aerated with adequate organic matter. The shallow groundwater also means that any contaminants can access water supplies more readily, creating an elevated risk for leaching.

In contrast, clay soils, which are rich in nutrients, tend to retain water and nutrients due to their compact nature and smaller particle size, thus reducing the chances of pesticides leaching away. Silt with high organic matter offers good retention and binding of pesticides, limiting their movement through the soil. Peat soil, despite being high in acidity, often retains water well and can hold onto pesticides due to its dense organic composition, further lowering the risk of leaching.