What does “soil fumigation” refer to?

Soil fumigation specifically refers to the practice of using fumigants—volatile pesticides that are applied to the soil to control pests and pathogens that live in the soil. This method is particularly effective against nematodes, insects, weeds, and diseases that can adversely affect plant health. The fumigant penetrates the soil and volatilizes, allowing it to move through the soil and effectively target harmful organisms.

This technique is crucial for maintaining soil health and preventing pest outbreaks, especially in agricultural settings. By controlling these pests before planting crops, farmers can ensure better yield and quality of their produce. The process requires careful application and adherence to safety regulations due to the potential toxicity of fumigants to non-target organisms, including humans.

In contrast, applying fertilizers to enhance soil does not involve pest control; direct application of pesticides to plants targets pests above ground rather than those in the soil; and enhancing soil aeration relates to improving soil structure and drainage rather than specifically controlling pests.